SAT vs. ACT: How to Choose the Right Test for You

Written By Ben Cattau

Deciding between the SAT and the ACT can be difficult, and as a result, many students don’t properly consider both tests. In doing so, they may leave points on the table, since the tests have distinct differences that may make one a better fit. Picking the right test will make preparation smoother and lead to a higher final score.

Key Features of Each Test:

Digital SAT:

  • Score is out of 1600 (800 possible points each for Reading/Writing and Math)

  • Consists of two Reading/Writing Modules and two Math Modules. The second Module is either easier or harder based on your Module 1 performance.

  • Reading/Writing Modules: 27 questions in 32 minutes

  • Math Modules: 22 questions in 35 minutes

  • Shorter duration: about 2 hours and 15 minutes.

  • The built-in calculator, Desmos, is available for all Math questions

  • Major Reading change: the Reading questions are now based off single paragraphs, one at a time - no more long passages!

ACT:

  • Total score range: 1–36

  • Sections: English, Math, Reading, Science, and an optional Writing test.

  • English: Five passages with 15 questions for each one

  • Math: You can use a Graphing Calculator such as the TI-84 for the whole section

  • Reading: Four passages with 10 questions for each one

  • Science: Six passages, with a variable number of questions depending on the type of passage

  • Duration: 2 hours and 55 minutes (plus 40 minutes for the Writing section).

Comparing the SAT and ACT

Test Structure and Timing:

  • Perhaps the biggest difference lies in the emphasis on Math: the SAT total score is 50% Math, while the ACT total score is only 25% Math. This means that students who consider Math to be a strength should HEAVILY consider the SAT.

  • The tests differ in the nature of questions and how much time you have: the SAT gives you more time per question and more complex questions, while the ACT gives you less time per question and more straightforward questions.

  • Overall length: 2 hours 15 minutes (SAT) vs 2 hours 55 minutes (ACT)

  • Format: Digital or Paper

  • Inclusion of the Science Section

Subject Emphasis

  • Math: The SAT’s math section is more focused on Algebra through early Trig, while the ACT includes a wider range of topics, including Probability, Permutations & Combinations, Matrices, Logarithms, Sequences, Complex Numbers, and Advanced Trig. There is also a reference table of formulas for the SAT, but there is none for the ACT.

  • Reading and English: The ACT still has long-form Reading passages, while the SAT is divided into one paragraph per question. They test the same grammar concepts, but the ACT has parts of English Composition (think adding, deleting, or moving sentences) included.

  • Science: The ACT has a science section, which evaluates your ability to interpret data and reason scientifically. There are only ever about three questions (out of 40) that actually test your background science knowledge directly.

Deciding Factors: Which Test is Right for You?

Consider Your Strengths

  1. Math: If Math is a strength, the SAT should be the main priority. In addition, if you would prefer a narrower range of tested topics (and accept the more complex questions), the SAT would be best.

  2. Science: If you are good at analyzing experiments and data, the ACT could be for you.

  3. Reading Comprehension: If you are a faster reader, you may have a larger advantage on the page-long passages of the ACT, rather than the paragraph-at-a-time format of the SAT.

Take Practice Tests

Unsure? Take one of each! Too many people make a decision without even taking a look at both tests, simply out of familiarity. Personally, I ignored the ACT and took the SAT, but knowing what I know now, I probably would have done better on the ACT! Once you take both tests, you can compare your results using a Concordance Table, such as the one on the ACT.org website. Feel free to contact us to get set up with practice tests!

Check College Requirements

Most colleges accept both tests, but some may have preferences or specific requirements. Research the admissions policies of your target schools to make an informed choice.

Key Tips for Success

  1. Start Early: Begin exploring test options by your sophomore spring to allow plenty of time for preparation and retakes.

  2. Focus on Weaknesses: Identify your weakest areas and prioritize improving them through targeted study and practice. Don’t just churn through practice tests, as productive as that may feel.

  3. Stay Consistent: Set a regular study schedule and stick to it. Cramming is not as effective!

  4. Use Official Practice Material: Take advantage of resources provided by the College Board and ACT.org to familiarize yourself with the test format.

  5. Work with an Expert One on One: Build on your initial growth with an individualized assessment and time-tested strategies to take your scores to the next level.

Conclusion

Choosing between the SAT and ACT is a personal decision that depends on your academic strengths and testing preferences. By understanding the differences, taking practice tests, and considering your individual needs, you can select the test that best positions you for success in the college admissions process. If you’ve considered all of the elements above and are still undecided, reach out and we’d be happy to help you make a decision.

FAQs

1. Do colleges prefer the SAT or ACT? Most colleges accept both tests equally, so focus on the one that showcases your strengths.

2. Can I take both tests? Yes, some students take both to see which score is higher, but it’s not necessary for most.

3. How many times should I take the test? Aim for 2-3 attempts to improve your score without overburdening yourself. 4 is ok, but beyond that, you have to consider the opportunity cost of repeated testing.

4. Is the ACT harder than the SAT? Neither test is inherently harder; it depends on your skills and preferences.

5. How do I register for the SAT or ACT? Visit the College Board website for the SAT or ACT.org to register and find testing dates.

6. Is there any advantage to taking tests in certain months (Ex: Dec or March over June or August)? No, the tests are standardized to ensure that all students have equivalent testing experiences and scoring.

7. If I have extended time, should I take the SAT or ACT? You may want to consider the ACT more, because the ACT relies more on time-pressure. If that pressure is somewhat alleviated, students with extended time may score better than they would on the SAT.

Ben Cattau